Jambu
Jambu Republic | |
---|---|
Jambu's civil flag (left) and state flag/ensign (right), both adopted in 1948. | |
Motto: अब कैं नाथ मोहिं उधारि Ab Ken Natha Mohi Udhari 'My Patron, save me now' | |
Capital | Saketa |
Largest city | Calcutta |
Official languages | Hinduki |
Recognized regional languages | Bengali Marathi Gujarati Marvari |
Jambu (Hinduki: जम्बु,, jambu), formally the Jambu Republic or sometimes the Indian National Republic, is a country in south Asia. Established in 1944, is one of the most populous national republics in the world. Bordered by the British Carnatic to the south, it borders the secessionist Sultanate of India to the west, the Himalayan states to the north, and Kamarupa and Erawa to the east.
Terminology
Jambu has numerous names in several indigenous and foreign languages. Hinduki is the only official language of the national government, while four regional languages have been granted state recognition. Jambu's official names in foreign languages, such as English, are generally standardized, though historically, the long form 'Jambu Republic' has been preferred.
Language | Short form | Long form | |
---|---|---|---|
Hinduki | Devanagari | जम्बु | जम्बुप्रजातंत्र |
Roman | Jambu | Jambu Prajātantra | |
IPA | [gjɐm.bu] | [gjɐm.bu pɾɐ.gjɑːt̪ɐ̃n̪.t̪ɾɐ] | |
Bengali | Bangla | জম্বু | প্রজাতন্ত্রী জম্বুদ্বীপ |
Roman | Jōmbu | Prōjatōntri Jōmbudip | |
IPA | [d͡ʒɔm.bu] | [ˈpɾɔ.d͡ʒa.tɔ.nt̪ɾi d͡ʒɔm.mu.d̪ip] | |
English | Jambu | Jambu Republic | |
Indian National Republic |
History
In the years prior to the Great War, anti-British protests and riots erupted in colonial India. In 1938, the United Jambu Front (संयुक्तजम्बुआन्दोलन, sanyutka jambu āndolana) was established. A national republican political organization inspired by the recent formation of the Chinese Republic, it advocated for the creation of an independent Indian state throughout the entire subcontinent. On the fourth of September 1944, the Jambu Republic was formally established, with the Marathi statesman and nationalist Rudransh Pendharkar Rao serving as the republic's first head of state. Spanish forces would leave the city of Chandernagor in 1947, allowing its annexation by Jambu.
In 1948, tensions arose within and against the national government. Former monarchs and feudal lords, certain Islamic organizations, as well as Punjabi, Sindhi, and Pathan nationalists expressed their grievances against the government. For the next four years, violent riots led to the rise of the Freedom and Fidelity Party (اسلامی تحریک حریت و حقیقت, islami tehrik-e hurriyat wa haqiqat, FFP), associated with the popular neo-Sufi Hansvi movement based in the Punjab. In 1952, FFP forces had occupied the Punjab, Sindh, Cutch, and the Bighota region around Delhi. The same year, the Sultanate of India was established, known in Hinduki as the Pīrtā पीरता.
The following year, the Jambu navy blockaded the Portuguese colonial ports of Daman, Diu, and Baçaim (now Vasay). This would begin the 1953 Gulf of Cambay War, where Portugal would cede all its Indian possessions to the Republic.
Government and Politics
Presidential republic | |
Formation | 4 September 1944 |
---|---|
Country | Jambu |
Executive branch | |
Headquarters | Saketa |
Jambu is a presidential state consisting of nine regions which are divided into districts. The country is governed by a set of uncodified constitutional laws and principles known as the Established Laws (आवश्यक अध्यादेश, Āvesyaka adhyādes). While officially unitary, the central government has de facto devolved certain powers to regional administrations.
Executive power is vested in the President (राष्ट्रपति, racṭrapati), who is the head of state and head of government. The President leads and is assisted by the Council of State, a collegiate body comprising high-ranking executives of government directorates responsible for daily administration. The Chief Justice, the head of the judicial branch, is also a member of the Council.
The National Parliament is the legislative body of Jambu. Much like the legislature of the Chinese Republic, the Parliament is a tricameral institution made up of three houses; the popularly elected Assembly; the upper house, the Council of the Republic; and the Censorate, an auditory and censorial council tasked with maintaining national unity and the values of national republicanism.
The judicial system of Jambu is mostly inherited from colonial India. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country, led by a Chief Justice appointed by the President. Below the Supreme Court are the regional High Courts and the District Courts. Presided over by a specially trained military judge, the Court-Martial, a permanent institution based in Jhansi, prosecutes members of the armed forces.
Culture
List of presidents
Nº | Portrait | Name | Term of office | Political affiliation |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Rudransh Pendharkar Rao
(1897–1958) |
17 September 1944 – 8 February 1949
(4 years, 4 months, 22 days) |
Sajiva Clique
(सजीवलोग, sajīva lok) |
See also