Talk:List of languages: Difference between revisions
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→Kikongo orthography
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==
==== Kikongo dialects ====
The
==== Orthography ====
The present Mputu orthography system for Kikongo was created in the 1920s, inspired by a mass movement in African nations (particularly [[Manden]]) to reform their Latin orthographies. It was officially recognized by the Kingdom of Kongo in 1939 and became official in 1957.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!IPA
Line 130 ⟶ 136:
|ṭ
!ᵑk
|nq, nk, nc
|-
!ᵐb
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|}
* In order to clarify pronunciation, /buːi/ is often transcribed as ''bu'i'' with an apostrophe, while /bwi/ is transcribed as ''bui'', without one.
* /w/ at the start of a word followed by a vowel is transcribed as ''o'', as in Oembo (/wembo/).
* In the Kisolongo and Kizombo dialects, the sound /v/ is often pronounced /β/ and may be written as ''bh''.
* In Portuguese and Spanish sources, ''k'' may be spelled ''qu'', reflecting old Castilian orthography.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Comparison of Capuchin (1652) and Mputu (1957) orthographies
!''Vocabularium Congense'' (1652)
!Mputu
!Translation
|-
|''lúfunzulú lua iúma ia úqúissi''
|''lufunzulu lua yuma ya ukisi''
|'tarnishing of the thing of sacredness'
|}
==== Sources ====
* https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3695462/
* https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8586729/file/8586730.pdf
* [http://www.kaowarsom.be/documents/MEMOIRES_VERHANDELINGEN/Sciences_morales_politique/Hum.Sc.(IRCB)_T.II,1_LAMAN%20K.-E._Dictionaire%20Kikongo-Fran%C3%A7ais%20_1936.pdf French Kikongo dictionary]
* [https://theswissbay.ch/pdf/Books/Linguistics/Mega%20linguistics%20pack/African/Niger-Congo/Bantu/Kikongo%3B%20Gram%C3%A1tica%20da%20l%C3%ADngua%20do%20Congo%20%28Tavares%29%20%281915%29.pdf Portuguese Kisolongo dictionary]
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