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Tussenland: Difference between revisions
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With the French contained to their own land up north, the Dutch in the 1780s began claiming territory far west of territory they had actually controlled and had a presence in.
=== Creation of the Royal Tussenland Company (1815) ===
===== The Iroquois Split (1805), and the Irokesenlandt Land Grant Treaty (1816) =====
[[File:1848Irokesenlandt.png|alt=|thumb|A map of the Irokesenlandt Land Grant (1816) and the controversial Virginia Purchase (1848).|425x425px]]Despite the Treaty in 1658 forbidding the Dutch from creating new settlements inside Iroquois territory, the Dutch settlers from New Netherland were still able to build new settlements on the interior. This was due to the fact that the Iroquois had leased land to New Netherlander colonists interested in making new settlements. It was illegal to buy or take land from the natives, but the leasing of land was not. There is debate in the historical community regarding these leases. Some historians argue that the Iroquois willingly allowed their land to be rented, while others argue that the land was leased after coercion by the [[New Netherland]] elites.
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The Iroquois Grand Council was convened multiple times throughout the late 1790s and early 1800s over the matter. The Mohawk, Seneca, and Cayuga nations saw it necessary to move south, away from the influence and land claims of New Netherland, as the only and necessary way to protect their sovereignty. Furthermore, they feared that if they become part of New Netherland, the New Netherland government would stop paying land dues, especially now that the independent New Netherland was no longer subject to Dutch laws protecting the Iroquois. The other Iroquois nations (Onondaga and Oneida), however, wanted to stay in their traditional homeland. With the nations having different opinions on the matter (especially between the Cayuga and the Oneida, who had to reach the same consensus before the process progresses to the next stage), the Grand Council process was stuck on a deadlock and had to be dismissed and reconvened multiple times. Tensions between the Iroquois nation even became more tense as the Onondaga showed interest in the invitation to join New Netherland, offered by the New Netherland government led by [[Adriaen van der Donck]]. Eventually, it became clear that no decision could be made. In 1805, Cayuga, Mohawk, and Seneca migrated south and escaped to the Dutch Tussenland, without the approval of the other Iroquois nations. This effectively marked the end of the Iroquois confederacy.
After the Kingdom of the Netherlands was created after the end of the wars in Europe, the fledgling kingdom still recognized the Treaty of Perpetual Alliance dating back to 1658. The kingdom, together with the Dutch West India company, offered the Cayuga, Mohawk, and Seneca land within the Tussenland colony which they could rule as their own. In 1816, the Irokesenlandt Land Grant Treaty was signed
==== Negative Effects of the Irokesenlandt Treaty ====
This land grant put the Kingdom of the Netherlands in a strong position against the Iroquois. The Iroquois' influence started to wane and the Kingdom and the Dutch West India company manipulating Iroquois policy would be a common trend throughout the 19th century (including the controversial strong-arming and pressuring of the Dutch to sell the eastern part of Irokesenlandt to Virginia in 1848). However, settlers wishing to settle in Irokesenlandt were disgruntled due to this land grant, and the Kingdom of the Netherlands' heavy bias towards the Iroquois. They Some of the settlers in Irokesenlandt
There were a couple of problems with this new territory however. There were natives already living in the area, most notably the Cherokee, Choctaw and Chickasaw, and the Shawnee in Appalachia. The Iroquois had initially adopted a policy of coexistence, but with the Iroquois being viewed superior. Iroquois maltreatment towards the other nations resulted in multiple skirmishes throughout the 1820s, in what would become collectively known as the Irokesenlandt Wars.
==== Virginia Purchase (1848) ====▼
Another problem of the newly-created Irokesenlandt territory, was
▲==== Virginia Purchase ====
Dutch sold stuff to Virginia (british had claims) so that they wouldnt attack them in case of any war with the Spanish.
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