Talk:Standard Chinese: Difference between revisions
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* http://www.pinyin.info/rules/initials_finals.html |
* http://www.pinyin.info/rules/initials_finals.html |
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* https://chinese.yabla.com/chinese-pinyin-chart.php |
* https://chinese.yabla.com/chinese-pinyin-chart.php |
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* [https://www.reddit.com/r/Cantonese/comments/9w2t4a/people_%E9%BB%90%E7%B6%AB_is_never_chi_sin/ Ch Ts merger in Cantonese] (Reddit) |
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* [https://www.reddit.com/r/ChineseLanguage/comments/dg8ki2/questions_about_consonant_aspiration/ Mandarin consonant aspiration] (Reddit) |
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Revision as of 12:09, 27 June 2022
Phonology/orthography
| Consonant chart | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Dental | Sibilant | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Labialised | Glottal | ||
| Stop or affricate | voiceless | p | t | ts | tʂ | k | ʔ | ||
| aspirate | pʰ | tʰ | tsʰ | tʂʰ | kʰ | ||||
| voiced | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʂ | x | ||||
| voiced | |||||||||
| Approximant | l | j | w | ||||||
| Consonants | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | Pinyin | Romanization | Notes | Approximation |
| p | b | b | spy | |
| pʰ | p | p | pie | |
| m | m | m | ||
| f | f | f | ||
| t | d | d | stand | |
| tʰ | t | t | tan | |
| n | n | n | ||
| l | l | l | ||
| ts | z | ch/z | Replaces obsolete sound t͡ɕ | cats |
| tsʰ | c | Replaces obsolete sound t͡ɕʰ | ||
| s | s | s | ||
| tʂ | zh | zh | ||
| ʈ͡ʂʰ | ch | |||
| ʂ | sh | sh | ||
| j | y | y/j | you | |
| ɥ | yu- | |||
| k | g | g | ||
| kʰ | k | k | can | |
| ŋ | ng | ng | ||
| x | h | h | ||
| w | w | w | wine | |
Tones
| Tone Numbers | Name | Tone markers | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | High flat | ā | |
| 2 | Rising | á | |
| 3 | Falling-rising | ǎ | |
| 4 | Falling | à | |
| 5 | Neutral | a | |
