Talk:List of languages: Difference between revisions
From Roses, Tulips, & Liberty
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|tɕ |
|tɕ |
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|ch, tch |
|ch, tch |
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!tsj |
!tsj, tx |
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|- |
|- |
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|j |
|j |
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|ts |
|ts |
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|ts |
|ts |
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! |
!ç |
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|- |
|- |
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|k |
|k |
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|k |
|k |
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!c, |
!c, qu |
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|w |
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* When used as particles, the following characters are romanized as follows; は (''wa''), へ (''je'' or ''e''), を (''o''). |
* When used as particles, the following characters are romanized as follows; は (''wa''), へ (''je'' or ''e''), を (''o''). |
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* When followed by a vowel or <j>, <n> (ん) is written with an apostrophe ('). |
* When followed by a vowel or <j>, <n> (ん) is written with an apostrophe ('). |
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* The consonants <nowiki><b>, <g>, <m>, <p>, and <r> may be palatalized, meaning they are affixed with the /</nowiki><sup>j</sup>/ phenome, resulting in combinations like /bʲ/ |
* The consonants <nowiki><b>, <g>, <m>, <p>, and <r> may be palatalized, meaning they are affixed with the /</nowiki><sup>j</sup>/ phenome, resulting in combinations like /bʲ/. For example, びょう may be romanized as ''biō'' ''(''IOTL ''byō''). |
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Latest revision as of 02:40, 7 September 2022
Ioruba orthography
| Consonants | |
|---|---|
| IPA | Letter |
| b | b |
| d | d |
| d͡ʒ | j |
| f | f |
| g | g |
| ɡ͡b | q |
| h | h |
| j | i |
| k | k |
| k͡p | p |
| l | l |
| m | m |
| n | n |
| r | r |
| s | s |
| ʃ | x |
| t | t |
| w | u |
| Vowels | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Letter | Nasalized |
| a | a | an |
| e | e | |
| ɛ | en | |
| i | i | in |
| o | o | |
| ɔ | ô | on |
| u | u | un |
| Tones | ||
| ◌́ | é | én |
| ◌̄ | e | en |
| ◌̀ | è | èn |
Kikongo
| Dialect/language | Classification | Geographic reach |
|---|---|---|
| Kisikongo | Southern Kikongo | West of the Inkisi river and in metropolitan areas |
| Kisolongo | Soyo province and northern Mbamba | |
| Kizombo | East of the Inkisi river | |
| Kiṭandu | Eastern Kikongo | Eastern Ṣundi, Mpundu, and Ocango |
Sources
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3695462/
- https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8586729/file/8586730.pdf
- French Kikongo dictionary
- Portuguese Kisolongo dictionary
Japanese
| Consonants | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | IOTL | Letter | IPA | IOTL | Letter | |
| b | b | b | n | n | n | |
| ɕ | sh | sj, x | ɲ | n, ny | nh, nj | |
| d | d | d | ŋ | ng | ng | |
| dz | z | z | p | p | p | |
| dʑ, ʑ | j | dj | ɾ | r | r | |
| ɸ | f | f | s | s | s | |
| g | g | g | t | t | t | |
| h | h | h | tɕ | ch, tch | tsj, tx | |
| j | y | j | ts | ts | ç | |
| k | k | c, qu | w | w | w | |
| m | m | m | z | z | z | |
| Vowels | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | IOTL | Letter | IPA | IOTL | Letter | |
| a | a | a | o | o | o | |
| e | e | e | ɯ | u | u, oo | |
| i | i | i | ː | ◌̄ | ◌̄ | |
Notes
- When used as particles, the following characters are romanized as follows; は (wa), へ (je or e), を (o).
- When followed by a vowel or <j>, <n> (ん) is written with an apostrophe (').
- The consonants <b>, <g>, <m>, <p>, and <r> may be palatalized, meaning they are affixed with the /j/ phenome, resulting in combinations like /bʲ/. For example, びょう may be romanized as biō (IOTL byō).
