Standard Chinese: Difference between revisions
Finalized consonants.
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(Finalized consonants.) |
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== History ==
Line 6 ⟶ 4:
== Phonology ==
==== Consonants ====
{| class="wikitable"
!
!
!Labial
!Denti-alveolar
!Alveolo-palatal
!Velar
!Glottal
|-
! colspan="2" |Nasal
|m
|n
|
|ŋ
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Stop
!<small>aspirated</small>
|pʰ
|tʰ
|
|kʰ
| rowspan="2" |ʔ
|-
!<small>unaspirated</small>
|p
|t
|
|k
|-
! rowspan="2" |Affricate
!<small>aspirated</small>
|
|tsʰ
|tɕʰ
|
|
|-
!<small>unaspirated</small>
|
|ts
|tɕ
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Fricative
|f
|s
|ɕ
|
|h
|-
! colspan="2" |Liquid
|
|l
|
|w
|
|}
* The checked tone ''ʔ'' and ''-m'' codas are maintained. For example, 甘肅 is read as ''Gamsu'' /ka<u>m</u>su/.
* [ts, tsʰ, s] are often palatalized to [tɕ, tɕʰ, ɕ] in front of front high vowels [i, y], a feature called ''źian-twan-ho-liu'' 尖團合流. Derived from Slavic languages, is represented in orthography by placing an acute accent ◌́ over the consonant to indicate its palatalization.
* Retroflexes found in Beiging Mandarin are merged into their alveolar counterparts. Retroflex [ɻ] is often merged into [j].
== Romanization ==
== Vocabulary ==
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