Standard Chinese: Difference between revisions
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'''Standard Chinese''' (Chinese: 華語, lit. 'Chinese speech'), commonly '''Chinese''' or '''Mandarin''', is the modern standardised form of Chinese that was developed between the [[Canton War]] (1857) and the [[Great War]] (1939). It is largely based on the imperial Mandarin of Namging as well as [[Cantonese]]. The dialect is designated as the official language of the [[China|Chinese Republic]] and is used in [[Tauland]] and the Chinese diaspora.
== History ==
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== Phonology ==
Standard Chinese consists of 18 initials (excluding the glottal stop) and 31 finals.
==== Consonants/initials ====
Line 56 ⟶ 57:
|f [f] 科
|s [s] 思
|x [ʃ] 書
|
|h [h] 何
Line 109 ⟶ 110:
!i
|i 衣
|ia 夏
|ie 切
|
|iu 妖
Line 131 ⟶ 132:
!u
|u 烏
|
|
|ui 煨
Line 162 ⟶ 163:
|}
==== Finals of
Several finals that exist in
{| class="wikitable"
!
Line 184 ⟶ 185:
|iong
|ung, eng
|-
|㔍
|ua
|a
|-
|鎈
Line 204 ⟶ 209:
|üan
|eung
|}
==== Tones ====
{| class="wikitable"
!Tone name
|Low level
|Low rising
|High level
|-
!Number
|1
|2
|3
|-
!Tone value
|11
|13/15
|55
|-
!Diactric
|
|á
|a, ā
|-
!Example
|
|企 (kéi)
|媽 (ma)
|}
| |||