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{{Infobox country|demonym=Rhenish <br> Rhinelander|conventional_long_name=Rhenish Republic|common_name=Rhineland|native_name=''Rheinische Republik'' <small>([[Standard German|German]])</small> <br> ''Repoblik op de Ring'' <small>([[Collenian]])</small>|capital=Frankfurt|largest_city=Collen|official_languages={{nowrap |[[Standard German|German]]}}|regional_languages={{nowrap |[[Collenian]]}} <br> {{nowrap |[[Frankfurtish]]}}|languages_type=Foreign languages|languages={{nowrap |[[Dutch language|Dutch]]}}}}
{{Nation|common_name=Rhineland|local_name=Rhingish Republich|full_name=Republic of the Rhine|established=1926|largest_city=Cologne|capital=Frangford-am-Maa|government_type=Unitary republic|languages=Rheinish (official) </br> Colognian </br> Westphalian </br> Low Rheinish </br> Swabian </br> Others}}
 
The '''Rhenish Republic''' of(<small>English thepronunciation:</small> [[English language#Phonology|[ˈɹɛnɪʃ.ɹɪpəb.lɪk]]]; [[Standard German|German]]: Rhine''Rheinische Republik'', (RheinishCollenian: ''RhingishRepoblik Republichop de Ring''), commonly known as '''the Rhineland''', is a country in western Europe centered on and named after the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhine Rhine River]. The countrylargest is bordered anti-clockwise byof the [[NetherlandsGermany|German states]], the Rhineland is bordered by [[France]], and [[SwitzerlandNetherlands|the Netherlands]] to the west, [[Austria]], and [[SaxonySwitzerland]] to the south, and [[Hanover]]. Createdand as[[Saxony]] to the Germaneast. ConfederationOriginally inconceived as the 181519th-century Treatysuccessor of Viennathe [[Holy Roman Empire]], itthe becamecountry's asubnational centralisedmonarchies republicwere abolished in 1926 when the 1926Rhineland agreed to adopt a centralized republican government.
 
In the 20th century, the Republic remained a staunch cultural, economic, and military partner of the Netherlands, whom it entered into economic union with through the [[North Sea Economic Cooperative Council]] in the 1940s. The age of popular media has made Rhineland a social and industrial hub, renowned for its four metropolises (Mönster, Collen, Stuttgart, and Frankfurt) and its distinct regional cultures and dialects.
 
== History ==
 
==== Premodern history ====
 
===== Roman-German period (800-1818) =====
 
==== French Revolution ====
{{Main|French Revolution}}
 
==== First Confederal era (1815-1878) ====
 
==== Second Confederal era (1878-1926) ====
 
== Government and Politics ==
 
== Demographics ==
 
==== Standard Rheinish dialect ====
The First Frankfurt Orthographical Conference in 1827 began the process of creating a standard language for the German Confederation. Various dialects were considered, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meuse-Rhenish Meusian], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colognian Colognian], and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hessian_dialects Hessian dialect] of Frankfurt, with the latter eventually being chosen and dubbed 'Standard Rheinish' (''Rhingisher Volksmund''). In 1833, the first dictionary was published. Despite its rapid development, Standard Rheinish was only used by 20% of the country's population until the late 19th century. By the dawn of [[the Great War]], 48% of the country used the language, with almost 80% being able to comprehend it.
 
Due to substantial contact with France in the 19th century, Standard Rheinish incorporates several French loanwords. Increased socioeconomic contact with the British, the Dutch, and the Hanoverians in the 20th century has led to urban Rhinelanders extensively using English and Hollandic loanwords as well.
 
While the ''Volksmund'' operates on a national level, six dialects (namely Colognian, Meusian, Mosellian, Palatine, Swabian, and Westphalian) operate on a local level. Collectively, these seven dialects are known as ''Appel'' dialects, referring to their common spelling and pronunciation of the word for apple.
 
==== Local identities ====
 
===== Hessians =====
Centered around the capital Frankfurt-on-Main, the people of Hesse are known for their contributions to the ''Volksmund'', their [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hessian_cuisine fusion cuisine], traditional Hessian architecture, and the famed Frankfurt operas.
 
===== Palatines =====
The Palatines populate the western Rhineland, with their largest city being [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannheim Monnem]. They are primarily known as a diaspora population, with significant amounts of Palatine Germans and their descendants living in [[New Netherland]], [[Ireland]], and [[Switzerland]].
 
===== Swabians =====
Mainly found in the southern provinces, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabians Swabians] are the most distinctive ethnicity in the country. There exists a substantial Swabian diaspora in [[Romania]], [[Illyria]], and the [[Netherlands]].
 
===== Rhinelander Jews =====
The Rhineland is considered a cradle of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews Ashkenazim] culture in Western Europe and, along with Galicia & Rumelia, hosts one of Europe's largest and oldest Jewish populations. Frankfurt, Cologne, and most prominently Oldenburg serve as epicentres of Jewish-Rhinelander culture.
 
== Culture ==
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