Peru: Difference between revisions
From Roses, Tulips, & Liberty
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JVFSegundo (talk | contribs) (First and second Colombian-Peruvian Wars added to wikipage) |
JVFSegundo (talk | contribs) (Steps towards the national republican revolution in Peru, along the initial stages of the civil war added to the wiki page.) |
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On November 5, 1919, the Treaty of Leonabelle was signed. In the treaty, Peru was obligated to recognize Quito as part of Colombia, and give Chile independence. Once again, Peru suffered a defeat, but this time, it was even more humiliating, and the country fell into a heavy economic and political crisis. |
On November 5, 1919, the Treaty of Leonabelle was signed. In the treaty, Peru was obligated to recognize Quito as part of Colombia, and give Chile independence. Once again, Peru suffered a defeat, but this time, it was even more humiliating, and the country fell into a heavy economic and political crisis. |
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=== Peruvian Civil War (1944-195X) === |
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==== Peruvian post-war economic hardships ==== |
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After the Treaty of Leonabelle, Peru entered a spiral of economic and political issues. The British embargo crippleled the economy, the government was in disarray after another lost war, the population lost trust in their rulers, and the popularity of the monarchy was going down each day. |
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The 1922 economic crisis in Europe made the situation even harder for the country, the exportation of raw materials fell immensely, the plantations of rubber trees, one of the country's most important exports, began suffering from overproduction, devaluing the prices. Other sectors also suffered strongly, starting a new period of recession of the Peruvian Economy. The period from 1929 to 1935, Peru, alongside most of the continent, saw a brief period of prosperity, but the Great War (1935-1939) brought back economic hardships. |
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Since Europe was responsible for most of the industrial goods in the raw materials based economy of most countries, the reduction in production for exportation due the war affected the South American economies. |
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==== The Lima-Belém Conspiracy ==== |
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Since the end of the Great War, communardism presence decreased in South America, and the continent saw the rise of National Republicanism ideology. In Peru and Equador, part of the military started to discuss in secret talks the installation of a National Republican government in both countries, as a way to restore the prosperity of the countries. From 1938 to 1942, generals from both nations worked together to convince most of the forces to join the cause. In Peru, the head of the nationalist conspirators was the former army general Pedro Velasco. |
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==== 1944 Nationalist Revolution ==== |
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On September 25th 1943, a joint revolt in the military forces took place in Peru. Many major cities declared independence as the Peruvian National Republic. The revolutionaries led by Velasco declared the city of Lima as the capital of the new country. Already in the first day of the revolution, fighting between revolutionaries and the royal forces were already happening in Lima, but due the loyalist forces being outnumbered by great numbers, and the surprise factor of the fight, the revolutionaries quickly took control of the city. The same happened in other major city centers such as La Paz, Sucre and Potosí. |
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On the September 28th, revolutionaris broke through the defense forces around Cusco, this move made the Peruvian royal family, along most of the parliament, leave the city in a rush. The monarchist government of Peru took refuge in the northern city of Cajamarca. |
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== Government and politics == |
== Government and politics == |
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