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=== Independence and Formation of the Mexican Empire ===
[[File:El imperio mexicano en 1895.jpg|alt=|thumb|425x425px|The Mexican Empire at its territorial peak in 1895. Taken from the London Inquirer's World Atlas (1996). Some Voortrekker cities are transliterated into Spanish.]]
During the [[History of Europe#Communard%20Revolutions%20(1872-1878)|Communard Wars]], communard revolutionaries occupied the majority of Spain. During this time, the royal family and King Ferdinand VII sought refuge in New Spain. While the king was staying in New Spain, he became interested in the colony's internal affairs. He instituted a series of reforms that sought to hispanize New Spain's culture to a further degree and weakened the local elites' power in favor of giving greater control to the royal military and peninsulare business elites in the king's inner circle. This increased tension between Spanish authorities and New Spain's population across social classes. Additionally, over the 19th century, New Spain had become economically self-sufficient, while Spain had been increasingly dependent on New Spain's resources to fund their empire. This led to a period of increased dissatisfaction of local elites and businessmen starting from the 1860s.
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