China: Difference between revisions

|established=1857 (Partition) <br /> 1931 (republic) <br /> 1936 (reunification)

|capital= Nanking

|government_type=Constitutional republic

|languages= Cantonese <br /> Mandarin <br /> Banlam <br /> Others

|currency= Wahbai (画; WHB)

'''China''', officially the '''Republic of China''' (Chinese: 華夏民國)'','' is a country in East Asia with the largest population. It borders the countries of [[Russia]], [[Mongolia]], [[Serindia]], [[Tibet]], [[Viet Nam|Vietnam]], [[Siam]], and [[Erawa]].

The country has been dominated by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_Chinese Han Chinese people] for millennia. Modern China's origins stem from the Canton-based state that split off from the [[Great Qing|Qing empire]] in the 1850s. Constitutional reform led to the establishment of a Chinese republic in 1931 and the reunification of China in 1936.

{{Main|History of China}}

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_from_Ming_to_Qing Ming-Qing transition] was one of the deadliest periods in Chinese history that witnessed the fall of the Ming dynasty and the rise of the Qing empire that supplanted it. It caused massive changes in Chinese society, politics, and economics.

King Sangdjong ascended to the Corean throne in 1649. The Southerner Party and the royal court [[Corea#Dutch Influence In Corea and Sjahak|resolved to make peace]] with the new [[Great Qing|Qing dynasty]] and abandon connections to the old Ming regime.

The Zheng family eventually failed to create a Ming loyalist base in southeastern China. Later, many members of the family and their allies participated in the southern Japanese [[History of Japan#Ōmura Rebellion (1656-1658)|Ōmura Rebellion]] in 1656.

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Zhu Zhu family], the former royal house of the Ming dynasty, dispersed around China after the Qing's conquest of southern China. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Youlang Yongli Emperor] established an emergency government in 1641 in response to the Qing conquests.

In 1725, the position of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquis_of_Extended_Grace Marquis of Extended Grace] was established, with a complacent descendant of the Zhu family from a minor branch taking up the position. The title was purely ceremonial, with its holders being treated as regular Chinese citizens.

The Dutch established a base on [[History of Taulandt|Tauland]] in the 1620s, stabilizing their rule in the 1660s. Although not universally welcomed, they fostered a good but informal relationship with the Ming on the mainland. With the Qing conquest of southern China, the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] of Formosa cut their ties with the Ming and established a strong relationship with the [[Great Qing|Qing]] and [[Corea]]. By the 18th century, the Dutch almost monopolized European trade in southern China.

{{Main|Great_Qing#Western_Qing_dynasty_(1636-1857)}}

This period's name was inspired by the 17th-century book [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waiting_for_the_Dawn_(book) Waiting for the Dawn] by politician and philosopher [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Zongxi Huang Tsung-hsi]. In this era, lasting from 1857 to 1936, China proper was split into two parts during the Canton War - the [[Great Qing#Eastern Qing dynasty (1857-1936)|Eastern Qing dynasty]] and the Kingdom of Canton.

{{Main|Canton War}}

Multiple parties formed and participated in the Parliament, formed in the late 1920s as an appeasement measure. The dominant party was the National Reformation Party (華夏改革會'', lit. Wahhah Reformation Party'') which aimed to dismantle the monarchy. In 1927, the NRP-dominated Parliament commenced the National Reform Movement. In 1931, the NRP-dominated parliament overthrew monarchy and established a republic. They renamed the country the Chinese Republic (華夏民國) and sought to unify with the Great Qing with military force, ending the state of division in China since 1857.

Including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hui_people Chinese Muslims], the Hwa Chinese make up 96% of the Chinese population. They are referred to as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_Chinese#Names Tang Chinese] people in southern China and Han Chinese people in the north.

{{Nations of the World}}

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