Viet Nam: Difference between revisions
Changed infobox, redid introduction, redid History section and added lore, created Etymology section.
(Changed infobox, redid introduction, redid History section and added lore, created Etymology section.) |
|||
| (3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Infobox country|image_flag=RTL Flag Vietnam.png|conventional_long_name=Kingdom of Viet Nam|common_name=Viet Nam|native_name=Đại Việt Nam quốc|flag_width=225px|capital=Huế|demonym=Viet|currency=Mạch 陌|largest_city=Ha Noi|official_languages=[[Viet]]|regional_languages=Tho </br> Muong </br> Mong </br> [[Cantonese]]|government_type=Monarchy|languages_type=Foreign languages|languages=[[Philippine Spanish]]}}
'''Viet Nam''' (/vîət nāːm/,
== Etymology ==
The term ''Việt Nam'' (越南, 'southern Ye 粵') was first coined in 1558 to describe the Viet nation. For most of modern history, the form ''Đại Việt'' 大越 was used as the official name of the country. During the late 19th century, the former became increasingly popular both within Viet Nam and in Spanish and Philippine accounts. After independence in 1935, the country was officially dubbed ''Việt Nam''. However, the terms ''Đại Việt'' and ''Đại Nam'' 大南 continue to be used colloquially and also intermittently by government officials.
'Viet' is the most common demonym for the country and members of the majority ethnic group, the Kinh 𠊛京. The terms ''người Nam'' ('people of the South') and ''người Việt'' are used to describe the citizens of Viet Nam regardless of ethnic or cultural affiliation.
== History ==
{{Main|History of Viet Nam}}
Since the mid-17th century, Viet Nam, nominally under the Lê dynasty, had been engulfed in war between the Trinh and the Nguyen families. By the end of the century, the Trinh, with [[Netherlands|Dutch]] support, gained ''de facto'' control of most the country, pushing the [[Spain|Spanish]]-backed Nguyen to the south. After a civil war concluded in 1787, the Trinh abolished the Lê and formally proclaimed themselves the rulers of Viet Nam, achieving recognition from the [[Qing]] not long after. Spanish forces in the Philippines would continue to support the Nguyen dynasty, who were thereafter relegated to a minor role in the extreme south of the country.
After the [[2nd Dutch-Spanish War|Dutch-Spanish War]] and the [[Canton War]], the Trinh lost its main supporters and increasingly fell victim to internal peasant rebellions, the dominance of Chinese immigrants, and economic chaos. In 1864, the Dutch were forced to cede their northern port of Santa Maria (''Hạ Long'') to [[Mexico|New Spain]]. Another civil war erupted in 1867 between the Trinh (supported by [[Tauland]] and [[Siam]]) and the Nguyen, backed by the [[Kingdom of Canton]] and the [[Philippines|Spanish Philippines]]. By 1877, the Nguyen had emerged victorious, with the Spanish empire establishing the protectorates of Tonquin and Quinam over the country the following year. High Commissioner [[Iñigo García y Magrina]] became notorious for his support of [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]], his avid interference in domestic Viet politics, and ominous control over Emperor Phúc Mạnh.
During the wave of Spanish decolonization in the 1920s, an independence referendum was held in Viet Nam in 1929. Due to limited access to voting and manipulation of elections, independence only won by a narrow margin. The process of transition began in 1930, resulting in the adoption of a constitution in 1934 and the proclamation of a sovereign Nguyen monarchy in 1935.
== Government and Politics ==
== See also ==
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259410347_An_Alternative_Vietnam_The_Nguyen_Kingdom_in_the_Seventeenth_and_Eighteenth_Centuries 1600s-1700s Vietnam]
{{Nations of the World}}
| |||