Bureaucrats, rtl-contributors, Administrators
1,655
edits
Turkestan: Difference between revisions
m
no edit summary
(Cleaned it up and added some details (in accordance with lore).) |
mNo edit summary |
||
| (5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 2:
|common_name=Turkestan
|full_name=Republic of Turkestan
|flag=
|established='''1924''' (declared independence from Russia)<br />
'''1937''' (Turkestan National Republic)
|capital=
'''Turkestan''' ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_alphabet Perso-Arabic script]: ترکستان)
== History ==
Line 14 ⟶ 15:
=== Struggle for Independence (1924-1937) ===
[[File:Turkestan1935.jpg|thumb|Turkestan shown on a 1935 map.|left|275x275px]]
Russian control in Central Asia only weakened during the [[Russia#The Russian Revolution & Republican Civil War|Russian Civil War]] (1925-1928). During the civil war, the Turkestan fought against the two powers vying for power over Russia: the Nationalist-Republicans (also known as "Vosstanists") and the Liberals. When the Nationalist-Republicans won the Russian civil war in 1928, the Nationalist-Republicans continued to fight against Turkestan, who they deemed as a threat to Russia's security. After 3 years of fighting, a ceasefire had been established in 1927.
Over the course of 1927-1930, several Orkhonist Central Asian delegates met with the Russian Nationalist-Republic government to discuss peace. However, negotiations were very slow-paced and often times stalled. Orkhonist leaders used this peace to their advantage. They shifted their military attention to fighting the Khanate of Khiva and the Emirate of Bokhara. Khiva was defeated in 1927, and Bokhara in 1929.
In July 1930, the Central Asian leaders accused the Russians of intentionally stalling negotiations, and fighting between Turkestan and Russia continued. In 1932, the [[Russo-Corean War]] broke out in East Asia, which turned the battle in Central Asia to Turkistan's favor. Due to the Russians being pre-occupied with the
==== Peace with Russia, and the Treaty of Akmolinsk (March 1937) ====
[[File:RTL Central Asia GW.png.png|thumb|320x320px|The Treaty of Akmolinsk, March 1937]]
After the Russians captured Akmolinsk and Aktobe in December 1937, a ceasefire was unilaterally declared by the Russians in order to regroup and reconsolidate their logistics, while also opening the table for negotiations with the Orkhonist rebels. The Orkhonist leadership began to falter by January 1937, with the central Orkhonist movement splintering to multiple factions. The largest faction, led by Latif Ibragimov (Латип Ибрагимов), was able to gain support from Russia expressing support for an independent Russian-sponsored National Republic government in Turkestan, in exchange for revoking their claims on territories that were occupied by the Russians and territories that had a significant Russian minority (including Akmolinsk and Aktobe). Ibragimov consolidated his power with Russian support and signed the Treaty of Akmolinsk.
The Treaty of Akmolinsk led to the creation of the National Republic of Turkestan, with Ibragimov as the first president. It also provided the creation of the [[Tadjikistan|National Republic of Tadjikistan]], meant to be the homeland of the Persian-speaking ethnicities of Central Asia. Both Turkestan and Tadjikistan would be sister republics of Russia.
The Treaty of Akmolinsk faced heavy opposition within Turkestan at the time, but Ibragimov was able to mute the opposition by arresting political opponents and enforcing a strict authoritarian regime. In the present day, the Treaty of Akmolinsk and Ibragimov are viewed in a negative light.
==== War with Turan and territorial losses (1978-1979) ====
The rise of Tadjik royalists during the Turanian Revolution (1978-1979) challenged the national republican government of Tadjikistan in the south, leading to a civil war. Turkestan intervened on behalf of the Tadjik national republicans, but the royalists, supported by Persia, overwhelmed them. Turkestan sought aid from Russia, but it was ineffective. In the end, Turkestan lost territory to the Turan royalists and was forced to recognize the dissolution of the National Republic of Tadjikistan and its subsequent replacement by the Emirate of Turan.
== Demographics ==
Line 36 ⟶ 44:
Persian is also spoken by Tajik, Jewish, and Iranian communities and is also used in traditional arts & religious activities. Jewish populations usually use [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukharian_(Judeo-Tajik_dialect) Bukhorit] among themselves. Russian is regarded as a language of commerce.
== Religion ==
Line 48 ⟶ 54:
== See also ==
* [[Tadjikistan]]
* [[Turan]]
* [[Russia]]
{{Nations of the World}}
| |||