Sweden: Difference between revisions
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Corrected Eric XIX's regal number
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{{Infobox country|conventional_long_name=The Swedish Republic|native_name=Republiken Sverige|image_flag=RTL_Flag_Sweden.png|flag_width=150px|image_map=Locator_Sweden.png|map_width=300px|established=Republic in 1944|official_languages=[[Swedish]]|capital=[[Stockholm]]|legislature=Riksdag}}'''Sweden''' is a nation in Northern Europe. It borders [[Denmark]] to the south, [[Norway]] to the west, and [[Finland]] to the east. It was once a monarchy ruled by the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken (1654-1851) and Habsburg-Zweibrücken (1851-1944). Sweden became a republic in 1944 after a national referendum was held.
== History ==
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==== 1937 Coup ====
The Franco-Swedish Telegraph affair had caused republican members of the Riksdag and military officers to conspire against Gustav Frederick II. In August 1937, republican forces led by Emil Holmström launched a coup against Gustav Frederick II, and forced him to abdicate the throne in favor of his 11-year old son and sign the 1937 Instrument of Government, which restored the supremacy of the Riksdag. Since his son was too young to rule, Holmström declared regency rule led by the Riksdag.
=== Swedish Republic ===
During regency rule by the Riksdag, the republicans in the party began a propaganda campaign against the monarchy. Members of parliament advocated for the abolition of monarchy, and the transition to a republic. In 1942, they pressured Gustav Frederick III to sign a legally binding agreement to hold a referendum for the abolition of the monarchy once he becomes of age in 1944. Members of the government were in regular correspondence with Russian diplomats, worrying Great Britain that they might slide under National Republican influence.
==== 1944 Instrument of Government ====
After Gustav Frederick III became of age in 1944, the national referendum for the abolition of monarchy was conducted. The turnout was 80%, with 71% of the votes voting in favor of abolishing the monarchy. A few months later, the abolition of the monarchy was formalized in the 1944 Instrument of Government.
==== Decolonization ====
In order to appease Russia, Sweden began a project to decolonize Swedish Guinea. Emil Holmström worked with Akan, Mole, Fon, and other Guinean leaders to forge a new constitution for an independent Guinean Union. A transitionary government for Guinea was established in 1945, becoming fully independent by 1948. Up until the present day, the Guinean Union and Sweden maintain strong trade and diplomatic ties.
== List of monarchs ==
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* Hedwig (b. 1821): 1851-1868
* Gustav Frederick (b. 1847): 1868-1909
* Eric
* Gustav Frederick II (b. 1900): 1925-1937
* Gustav Frederick III (b. 1926) (regency held by the Riksdag): Heir apparent.
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