Sweden: Difference between revisions

← Older edit

Sweden (view source)

Revision as of 05:41, 28 June 2024

3,636 bytes added , 8 days ago

m

added Lundgren Affair

VisualWikitext

Arkythemaniack

rtl-contributors

46

edits

Revision as of 16:49, 28 June 2022 (view source) Wannabee (talk \| contribs) (Created a page for Sweden) Tag: Visual edit		Latest revision as of 05:41, 28 June 2024 (view source) Arkythemaniack (talk \| contribs) m (added Lundgren Affair) Tag: Visual edit
(5 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: ~~'''Sweden''',~~{{Infobox ~~officially~~country\|conventional_long_name=The ~~the~~Swedish ~~'''~~Republic\|native_name=Republiken ofSverige\|image_flag=RTL_Flag_Sweden.png\|flag_width=150px\|image_map=Locator_Sweden.png\|map_width=300px\|established=Republic in 1944\|official_languages=[[Swedish]]\|capital=[[Stockholm]]\|legislature=Riksdag}}'''Sweden''', is a nation in Northern Europe. It borders [[Denmark]] to the south, [[Norway]] to the west, and [[Finland]] to the east. It was once a monarchy ruled by the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken (1654-1851) and Habsburg-Zweibrücken (1851-1944). Sweden became a republic in 1944 after a national referendum was held. == History == Line 7: ==== The 1851 Instrument of Government, and the return of absolute rule ==== Upon the heirless death of King Eric XVIII in 1850, his sister, Hedwig, was expected to become queen. However, the Riksdag was wary of her connections to the Austrian Habsburgs through her marriage. The Riksdag opted to elect a different king, a cousin of Eric XVIII. However, by the fall of that year, Hedwig, backed by loyal men in the Swedish army and supported by Britain, launched a coup against the Riksdag. This led to the 1851 Instrument of Government, which ~~severely~~ elevated the role of the Swedish monarch and severely curtailed the rights of the Riksdag. The Swedish ruling dynasty would be then known as Habsburg-Zweibrücken since Hedwig's rule up until the abolition of monarchy in 1941. ==== Scandinavian Wars (1864-1866) ==== Line 25: ==== 1937 Coup ==== The Franco-Swedish Telegraph affair had caused republican members of the Riksdag and military officers to conspire against Gustav Frederick II. In August 1937, republican forces led by Emil Holmström launched a coup against Gustav Frederick II, and forced him to abdicate the throne in favor of his 11-year old son and sign the 1937 Instrument of Government, which restored the supremacy of the Riksdag. Since his son was too young to rule, Holmström declared regency rule led by the Riksdag. === Swedish Republic === During regency rule by the Riksdag, the republicans in the party began a propaganda campaign against the monarchy. Members of parliament advocated for the abolition of monarchy, and the transition to a republic. In 1942, they pressured Gustav Frederick III to sign a legally binding agreement to hold a referendum for the abolition of the monarchy once he becomes of age in 1944. Members of the government were in regular correspondence with Russian diplomats, worrying Great Britain that they might slide under National Republican influence. ==== 1944 Instrument of Government ==== After Gustav Frederick III became of age in 1944, the national referendum for the abolition of monarchy was conducted. The turnout was 80%, with 71% of the votes voting in favor of abolishing the monarchy. A few months later, the abolition of the monarchy was formalized in the 1944 Instrument of Government. ==== Decolonization ==== In order to appease Russia, Sweden began a project to decolonize Swedish Guinea. Emil Holmström worked with Akan, Mole, Fon, and other Guinean leaders to forge a new constitution for an independent Guinean Union. A transitionary government for Guinea was established in 1945, becoming fully independent by 1948. Up until the present day, the Guinean Union and Sweden maintain strong trade and diplomatic ties. ==== Lundgren Affair (1950) ==== A decorated general by the name of Olaf Lundgren came under investigation by government authorities as he was suspected of embezzling funds allocated for the military to his bank account. Swedish authorities found evidence of the funds being used for Lundgren's personal use, as they found vacation homes in the [[Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire\|ACB islands]] and Trinidad; and funds that were supposed to be used for new fighter aircraft were used by Lundgren for his yachts in Gothenburg. The public expressed outcry and staged protests for Lundgren to be tried and court-martialed. He was eventually tried and sentenced to 10 years in prison for charges of corruption and personal use of government funds. However, 6 months into his sentence, he was pardoned by the new government, an action which caused many soldiers and military personnel to resign from their posts out of anger and resentment. Later investigations would find the new government accepting bribes from an imprisoned Lundgren. An interview from Lundgren would reveal his motive to embezzle money is that he didn't think that Sweden would be involved in any large-scale conflict. Critics claim that his motive is bogus due to the fact that Sweden shared a border with the Finnish National Republic. Sweden would experience a deficit of manpower after the affair, with most soldiers deciding to enter civilian life or enlisting in the [[Varangian Group Military Company]]. Lundgren's legacy would be forever cemented with the phrase 'to pull/commit a Lundgren'([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_language#:~:text=Swedish%20(svenska%20%5B%CB%88sv%C9%9B%CC%82n%CB%90ska%5D),in%20the%20Nordic%20countries%20overall. Swedish]: att begå en Lundgren) or 'Lundgren'd' as an act of embezzling company or government funds for personal use. == List of monarchs == Line 42 ⟶ 60: * Hedwig (b. 1821): 1851-1868 * Gustav Frederick (b. 1847): 1868-1909 * Eric ~~XIV~~XIX (b. 1875): 1909 - 1925 * Gustav Frederick II (b. 1900): 1925-1937 * Gustav Frederick III (b. 1926) (regency held by the Riksdag): Heir apparent.