Kjemi Coup: Difference between revisions
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==== Corea's Silhak movement ====
Originating in the late 17th century, the [https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%ED%95%99 Silhak] [실학, lit. ''practical knowledge''] was a philosophical, practical, and reformist movement that was opposed to the Neo-Confucian social order. The [https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EA%B3%84%EC%88%98%EB%A1%9D Banje Records] is considered to be the first Silhak publication. Throughout the centuries, Silhak has remained mainly apolitical, focusing on the reformation of Corean society and public policy instead. Several contrasting political parties have had significant Silhak influence, making this movement one of few that united much of the Corean public against the ills and stagnation of the Neo-Confucian order.
==== Dutch influence and the Sjinsa Party ====
{{Main|Corea#Dutch_Influence_In_Corea_and_Sjahak}}
The Sjinsa Party [신서파, lit. ''new Western faction''] was a political and intellectual coterie that actively associated themselves with Western ideas and Christian doctrine. They gained notability during the mid 18th century after the Dutch acquired control of Poesjan and especially during the discord that followed the [[Japan#Encroachment of the Dutch and Russians|1754 Japanese succession crisis]] [徳川継承の危機]. Their most persistent political opposition was the [http://contents.history.go.kr/front/hm/view.do?treeId=010603&tabId=03&levelId=hm_108_0100 Kongsa Party] [공서파, lit. ''anti-Western faction''], their brother faction from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southerners_(Korean_political_faction)#:~:text=%22South%20people%22)%20were%20a,Minister%20from%201675%20to%201678. Southerner] bloc.
Many viewed them as "conceited aristocrats enthralled with the artifacts of the West, unconcerned for rural folk and addicted to grape wine" (as described by politician [https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B9%80%EC%9E%AC%EB%A1%9C Kim Jero]). Ultimately, their laudations for the West did expose Corea to entirely different concepts and invited nuanced debates on Corean society and politics. This contributed to the public's dissatisfaction with the Neo-Confucian status quo over the next 130 years.
During the late 1860s and 1870s, the Sjinsa and Kongsa factions would be united by the anti-King Hjodjang opposition through a mutual moral duty to defend Corean Christians from unjust persecution despite their thoughts on the West.
==== Ascendancy of the [[House of Ki|Ki family]] ====
Always having been a prestigious family, the Hengdjoe Ki clan gained modern prominence when their patriarch, Lord Ki Tsjangdjin, moved the political and economic center of the clan to the capital region in 1858. Lord Ki used his own ability, the family's [[House of Ki#History|historical reputation]], and the dynamicity of a modernizing Corea to pave the way for their eventual dominance of the country for decades.
==== The Oelhe Repression ====
King Hjodjong instituted a series of edicts and policies that came to be known as the Oelhe Repression [Handja: 乙亥壓迫 lit. ''pressure of the earth pig year'']. Following the [[Canton War|collapse of Qing hegemony]] and the rise of a [[Wahhah Republic#Kingdom of Canton|Christian state]] in southern China, the Neo-Confucian ruling class became au courant with Corea's position as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_China_(ideology)#Korea Little China], allowing for the passage of several anti-Western and anti-Silhak laws in rapid succession. Many Coreans reacted harshly to these restrictions, with many different intellectual and political factions banding together under the leadership of several public figures like Lord Ki, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yun_Ung-nyeol Yoen Oengnjal], [https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%95%EA%B7%9C%EC%88%98 Pak Kjoesoe], and others.
==== Oeitongbang Incident of 1881 ====
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