History of the Philippines: Difference between revisions
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==== Early Captaincy period (1565-1661) ====
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_L%C3%B3pez_de_Legazpi Miguel López de Legazpi] arrived from Mexico in 1565, establishing the first Spanish settlement in the modern-day Philippines. By 1571, the Spanish had defeated the monarch of Manilla, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajah_Sulayman
===== Wars with Brunei and Kampuchea =====
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===== The Tondo Conspiracy =====
In 1587, the aristocracy of
===== Influence of religious orders =====
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===== National identity =====
Prior to the 19th Century, the term ''Filipino'' only applied to the Spanish Colonialists residing in the islands, while the natives were only referred to as ''Indios.'' Eventually, the term started to apply to the natives themselves to distinguish them from their Latin-American counterparts. This change in definition directly led to the creation of a Philippine National Identity, and would allow future revolutions to use this concept as a banner to unite upon.
===== Linguistic reality =====
Unlike their Latin-American counterparts, Spain did not fully spread the use of Spanish in the islands outside of official documents and businesses. Instead, they learned the local dialects to teach Christianity instead. This resulted to most of the populace still speaking in their native tongue, while only the Spanish and the Native elites are the ones speaking Spanish.
====First Republican revolt ====
Philippine revolutionaries were inspired after the [[History of Europe#Communard Revolution of Spain (1874-1878)|Communard Revolutions]] overthrew the Habsburg monarchy and triggered the independence of [[Mexico]] and [[Peru]]. Crisostomo Ibarra, a Filipino ''ilustrado'' and an activist in Spain, publishes ''No me toques (1887)'' and ''El Filibusterismo (1891)'' criticizing the declining Spanish rule in the Philippines. These books were deemed heretical by the Archbishop of Manila, especially after the breakaway and Independence of Mexico a few years prior. Ibarra would return to the Manila in 1892, only to be exiled to Northern Mindanao. Ibarra books would eventually lay the groundwork for revolution, as Tagalog Revolutionary Mayo Pag-Asa would use these books, the Communard Revolution, and Mexico's War of Independence as his inspirations for the creation of the revolutionary organization ''Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan'', simply known as the ''Katipunan''. Balderama Jacinto, the Katipunan's vice ''supremo,'' would reach out to the Corean and Mexican Governments for funding and support which would be granted to them by 1895, allowing them to spread out not only in the Philippine Islands but also throughout the Moluccas, Papua, and even Vietnam. However, the Katipunan was far from being fully ready, and when the organization was exposed the following year by a disgruntled member, Mayo launches his revolt, attacking the town of San Juan Del Monte and seizing it from Spanish Forces. The provinces of Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Manila, Morong, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga and Tarlac would follow suit in Mayo's revolution. Mayo's own campaign would be cut short in only a week, however, as after a disastrous defeat in Laguna he would be captured by Spanish loyalists and executed. With his death, Jacinto would take the reigns of the revolution.
===== Treaty of Malolos =====
===== Emigration and effect on trade =====
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