History of Japan: Difference between revisions

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A series of disturbances plagued Japan after the diminution of shogunal power in the 1750s and 1760s. A riot broke out on Nakasendo highway due to high taxes, amassing 250,000 peasants. Several fires broke out in Edo and Osaka, while hordes of samurai and merchant guilds vied for supremacy. The Lord of Niigita was overthrown and a [https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%BD%9F%E6%98%8E%E5%92%8C%E9%A8%92%E5%8B%95#%E8%97%A9%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AE%E5%AF%BE%E7%AB%8B peasant republic] ruled the domain for several months.
 
Several samurai, lords, & scholars, dissatisfied with the current state of the nation, conspired with the powerful [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Go-SakuramachiEmperor Empress Go-Sakuramachi]Momozono to gradually restore de facto imperial rule on the islands. The movement was supported by the proto-nationalist Mito School of Confucianism, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komagawa_Kaishin-ry%C5%AB#The_Meiwa_incident Komagawa martial arts school], and several merchant and peasant associations.
 
Several domains de jure recognized and revered imperial rule by 1759, yet de facto operated independently. The imperial court only had true power in the Three Cities (Osaka, Kyoto, and Edo), which had newly appointed civilian administrations enacting policies in accordance with Mito Confucianism and the benevolent ideology of Tokugawa Muneharu. Imperial rule was nominally recognized until 1803, when the Sakai shogunate murdered the sitting Emperor.
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