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East Indies Crisis: Difference between revisions
added more info: rogue states, refugee crisis, indo scheme and farmers revolt
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| conflict = East Indies Crisis
| image = [[File:Montage_East_Indies_Crisis.jpg|300 px]]
| caption =
Two soldiers standing after a military operation somewhere on Sumatra, A soldier running to cover during the early years, A Soendanese village after a battle
| partof = the [[Silent War]]
| date = 3 February 1960 – 22:03 11 November 1976
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== Aftermath ==
=== Rogue States ===
Following the war, a number of "rogue states" emerged in the region. These polities, often led by remnants of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army and Dutch loyalists, sought autonomy or continued alignment with Dutch colonial interests, challenging the new Soendanese government. There were several rogue states that appeared throughout the conflict: Bali, Borneo, Brunei Republic, Pinang, and South Moluccas, but only the latter two survived past the conflict.
==== Free State of Pinang ====
{{Main|Pinang}}
The Free State of Pinang was established by Dutch loyalists and former members of the Royal East Indies Army on Pinang Island and surrounding territories, a territory with a predominant Chinese population, and became a focal point of resistance against Soenda's efforts to consolidate power. This led to a conflict known as the [[Frontier war|Frontier War]].
==== South Moluccas ====
Self-declared as an independent nation, the South Moluccas operated effectively as a puppet state of the Dutch. Despite lacking international recognition, it represented a continuation of Dutch colonial influence and a significant challenge to Soendanese authority. Its existence would be a point of tension between Soenda, which wants to consolidate and annex South Moluccas into the nation, and the Philippines which wants to preserve stability in the region.
=== Refugee Crisis ===
Over the sixteen year course of the conflict, more than 4.7 million refugees fled Soenda. A majority of the refugees went to the Kingdom of the Netherlands and its constituent territories: Fiji, New Batavia, and Zeylan. The Chinese community of Soenda mostly fled to the Free State of Pinang. Others fled to neighboring Southeast Asian nations, to the Americas, and western Europe.
==== The Indo Scheme in New Batavia ====
{{Main|Indo Scheme}}
As a response to the growing refugee crisis, Dutch Prime Minister Koen Haverman approved the [[Indo Scheme]], formally known as the New Batavia Resettlement Program, in 1975, aimed at the resettlement of Indo refugees in [[New Batavia]].
==== Netherlands' Farmers' Revolt ====
{{Main|Farmer's Revolt}}
The influx of refugees in European Netherlands also caused a strain on the nation's infrastructure, prompting the Dutch government to began expansion of urban infrastructure to the eastern parts of the nation, which were predominantly agricultural lands. This expansion, although widely supported by the public, was faced with strong backlash from the rural community, particularly in Achterhoek. This led to protests which were initially peaceful, but later turned violent, which forced the Dutch government to crack down on the protests.
== See also ==
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