Corea: Difference between revisions
→National republican period (1935-1980)
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|full_name= Republic of Corea
|local_name=대한단국 (Hankoel) <br />大韓檀國 (Handja)<br />Tehantankoek (Keukenkamp)
|flag=
|map=Post-GW Corea.png
|established=1980
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== History ==
====
One particular region of interest to the Dutch was Corea, ruled by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseon Tsjosan dynasty] [Hankoel: 조선; Handja: 朝鮮] since 1392. Unlike the Qing, Western ideals (mainly of the Dutch strain) infiltrated the Tsjosan dynasty more easily. The majority of the Tsjosan government tolerated these ideas in the 18th century. Books, scientific instruments, and most importantly, Christianity, were imported into Corea. This influx of ideas would be known in the Corean language as the Sjahak wave [Hankoel: 서학; Handja: 西學, lit: ''western knowledge''].
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The Dutch Empire's bond with Corea is often claimed to have been stronger than that with the Qing. In the mid-to-late-1800s, many young [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangban Corean aristocrats] would be sent to study in Amsterdam, and would later serve in scientific or prestigious civil service posts in Corea. This led to the nation's thorough industrialization and helped the Corean peninsula become one of the hubs for innovation for Asia. There was a huge cultural exchange between the Batavosphere and Corea. In 1854, a Dutch missionary had invented the Keukenkamp romanization system for the Corean language, based entirely on Dutch orthography, which is still in use today.
==== The Kjemi Coup and the
During the [[History of Europe#Wars of Dutch Humiliation (1850-1857)|War of Dutch Humiliation (1850-1857)]], the Coreans fought alongside the Dutch against rebel forces in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingnan Lingnan region] of the [[Great Qing|Qing dynasty]]. Eight years after the war ended, King Kjangdjo
===== The Kjemi Coup =====
{{Main|Gjemi Coup}}
These policies did not sit well with the Amsterdam-educated Corean youth. In 1883, a coup d'etat was launched against Hjosdjang during the Kjemi year. The Tsjosan dynasty was removed from power and a new dynasty came into power. The [[House of Ki|Ki family]], the new royals, declared the new state of Sjakwang
==== Sino-Corean War (1886-1888) ====
The Qing state, now severely weakened by internal strife, did not like what was happening in Corea. They decide to intervene in the Corean situation. Believing that the Coreans had strayed further away from Qing influence, the Qing state decides to send whatever troops they had left and restore order in Corea, a rash and ill-fated decision that would cost them their entire empire. This marks the beginning of the Sino-Corean War. Expectedly, the odds were not in the Qing's favor. The Qing once again requests their Dutch allies to intervene. This time, however, no Dutch reinforcements were coming to their aid. The Qing were alone in the fight against Corea.
It was later uncovered that King Tedjo had secured a secret pact with the Dutch a year earlier and got them to promise not to intervene in any case of Qing aggression. Furthermore, the new Corean state had secured the support of the Russians. Russian and Dutch support fueled the Corean war effort. The war ended with the Treaty of Peking (1888), with Manchuria partitioned between Corea and the Russians.
Shortly after, Tedjo established the [[Poeja|Kingdom of Poeja]
=== Sjakwang dynasty (1883-1935) ===
[[File:DA49A5C9-DE22-4013-8C52-A1F89FB42B89.jpg|thumb|326x326px|Tedjo (1849-1921), founder of the Sjakwang Dynasty.]]
==== Second Sino-Corean War
In 1931, a revolution struck the Kingdom of Canton. The [[Wahhah Republic|monarchy of Canton was overthrown]] and was replaced with a republican government. News spread to all of East Asia, and Corea began worrying that this republican pan-Chinese nationalist movement would spread to the northern Chinese states. The new Corean emperor, the sickly Hjodjo
Corean forces marched into
==== Russo-Corean War (1931-1935) ====
{{Main|Russo-Corean War}}{{Nation|common_name=Corea|full_name=Corean National Republic|local_name=한단일민국|capital=Rjoekjang|largest_city=Hansjang|government_type=National republic|languages=Corean (official) </br> Manchu </br> Mandarin|lifespan=1935-1980|map=Corean_National_Republic_Map_1945.png|flag=Nationalist Corea 2.png}}
▲{{Main|Russo-Corean War}}
=== National republican period (1935-1980) ===
After the abolition of the Sjakwang dynasty, the ideology of [[national republicanism]] became dominant in Corea. Several political parties and associations - many of them formerly persecuted by the imperial government - coalesced to form a republican administration with [[Russia|Russian]] support.
==== The new capital ====
As part of the early national republican policies, the capital of the country was moved to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyongyang Pjangjang], which was renamed Rjoekjang (류경, lit. ''capital of willow trees''). This decision was seen as the eventual fulfillment of the wishes of the [https://www.macmillanexplorers.com/religion-and-regionalism-in-the-goryeo-order/15387104 Mjoetsjang uprising] that occurred 900 years prior.
==== Return of Poesjan
=== Modern Corea (1980-) ===
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